Optical Properties of Hybrid Mach-Zehnder Interferometer for Biochemical Sensor Application

We reported the optical properties of hybrid Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) designed by silicon waveguide covered with graphene material in single-atomic layer thickness. Graphene was applied to the specific area of MZI arm in certain length. The upper arm was set as the sensing region and another arm plays an important key as the reference signal. The sensor sensitivity has determined mathematically from the power difference launched at the output ports due to obtain good sensitivity. Our results shows novel optical absorption of graphene on waveguide (hybrid waveguide) applied in MZI arm. The presence of sample, which 566 Dedi Irawan et al. induces the effective index of the hybrid waveguide, significantly induces the phase of light propagation and the power ratio at the output ports which determines the sensitivity. Finally, we calculated the effect of the distance between the graphene to the core and the specific length of graphene layer on MZI arm.